End brush and method of making



Sept. 14, 1948. BENYAK 2,449,158

END BRUSH AND mmon OF MAKING Filed Jan. 15. 1944' INVENTOR.

JOHN B. BENYAK ATTORNEYS Patented sept. 14, Ed

END BRUSH AND METHOD OF MAKING John B. Benyak, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The Osborn Manufacturing Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application January 13, 1944, Serial No. 518,085

3 Claims. (01. 15-205) The present improvements relate, as indicated,

to end brushes, 1. e.. to the type of brush in which the stranded brush material is disposed in the form of a bundle arranged in substantial parallelism and is applied endwise against the work while being rotated about its central axis.

In such brushes, as currently manufactured, it is usual to set the bundle of brush material in a cup-shaped holder and there secure the same by means of a suitable binder the character of which depends upon the character of the material. Where the material consists of wire strands the binding material is ordinarily some form of solder which of course has to be applied in molten state. This entails obvious difficulties quite aside from the fact that the heat may injure the wire strands and the bonding of the latter together intl'ie base is always more or less uncertain.

One principal object of the present invention accordingly is to provide mechanical means for securing or anchoring such bundle of brush material in its holder in the type of brush in question. Other objects are to secure uniform distribution of the material comprising the bundle and leave independent of each other the bases of the strands where seated in the cup so as to reduce their tendency to break of! under vibrational strain. At the same time my improved construction greatly facilitates the assembly of the brush material in the holder and correspondingly reduces the cost of manufacture.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the meanshereinafter fully described and particular- 1y pointed out in the claims.

The annexed drawing and the following description set forth in detail one method and one product exemplifying my invention, such disclosed procedure and product constituting, however, but one of various applications of the principle of my invention.

In said annexed drawing- Fig. 1 is a side elevatlonal view of a bundle of stranded brush material as it appears in a preliminar stage of assembly into an end brush of my present improved construction;

Fig. 2 is a similar side elevational view of the same as it appears in a subsequent stage, viz., in the course of being inserted in a cup-shaped holder which forms the base of the completed brush;

Fig. 3 is a central axial section of the completed brush;

Fig. 4 is a similar sectional view of a slightly modified construction of the brush;

Fig. 5 is a similar axial sectional view of still another modified construction;

Fig.6 is a transverse section taken on the plane indicated by the line 6-6 Fig. 3;

Fig. '7 is an axial section of a further modified form of my improved brush;

Fig. 8 shows the latter in the course of being assembled; and

Fig. 9 is a section of the brush as shown in Fig. 7, but incorporating certain additional changes.

Referring first to the construction of my improved end brush, illustrated in the course of assembly in Figs. 1 and 2 and in completed form in Figs. 3 and 6; the base of the brush will be seen to comprise a cup-shaped holder l which will ordinarily be provided with a stud or short spindle 2 extending centrally from its bottom whereby such holder may be secured in a chuck or like mounting when the brush is in use. As previously described, a brush of the type in question, as indicated by the name applied thereto, is designed to be pressed endwise onto the work while being rapidly rotated about a central axis and the stud or spindle 2 will correspond with such axis.

In constructing the brush thus illustrated, a bundle 3 of stranded brush material, which may consist of short lengths of wire or other material depending upon the character of the service for which the brush is intended, is encompassed by an annular member 4 which in this particular construction is in the form of a tubular section. Th brush material may be either compressed and inserted in such annular member or the latter be formed about the incidentally compacted 5 bundle. Such member will furthermore be 10- cated closer to one end of the bundle than the other for a reason which will presently appear.

The second step consists in spreading the stranded material comprising the bundle from a central point on the side of said annular member 4 adjacent the longer projecting portion of the bundle so as to cause the strands 3a on such side to extend in a general radial direction, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

The next step consists in bringing the bundle, in the form thus assumed, with such radially spread strands up against the open end of the cup-shaped holder I, and by the application of endwise pressure, preferably upon the annular member 4, forcing the bundle into the receptacle provided by such holder. The outside diameter of annular member 4 is less than the inside diameter of the holder by a suflicient amount so that under pressure exerted as described the radially extending strands 3a oi the bundle will be doubled upwardly about said annular member and tightly fill the space left therebetween and the cup-shaped holder I (see Fig. 3).

The portion of the bundle below annular member 4, represented by strands la will desirably be longer than the portion of the bundle extending above said member by approximately the width ofthe latter so that when said strands to are thus doubled back their ends will lie in approximately the same plane as the original upper end o! the bundle. They will furthermore be brought into closely surrounding relation to the strands in such upper portion of the bundle and constitute therewith a body of brush material of general cylindrical or only slightly flaring form in which the brush material is distributed uniformly thro hout.

In order to insure against displacement of the body lb of brush material thus provided, upon being seated in the cup-shaped holder, a pin I may be passed transversely through the side walls of the cup and annular member 4 as illustrated in Fig. 3. Alternatively; as illustrated in Fig. 4, the outer edge la of the cup lying beyond said member may be flanged inwardly to lock said member and thus the'base of the assembled body in Fig. 3 may be employed in conjunction withthe hanging of the cup edge as illustrated in Fig. 4.

The modification illustrated in Fig. 5 relates wholly to the form of the annular member which is here shown as consisting of a short section of helically coiled wire 6 which takes the place of the tubular section 4 of the previously described construction. The base of the body 3b of brush material is shown as locked in place in thecupshaped holder by inward flaring of the outer edge of the latter, the effect on the annular member 8 being to reduce the diameter of the outer coil composing the same. It will be understood that in place of a plurality oi. coils 8 the annular member may consist of a lesser number, e. g., a single coil, or of a larger number of coils than the three shown.

In the further modified construction of my i'inproved brush illustrated in Figs. '1, a and 9, the

principal structural change from the forms already described consists in the substitution of a tubular holder III for the cup-shaped holder I. As best shown in Fig. 8, the internal diameter oi such tubular holder I0 is enlarged adjacent the end thereof which corresponds with the base of the finished brush shown in Fig. 7, and a shoulder II is formed where such diameter is reduced. A bundle i2 of stranded brush material is encompassed with an annular member i3. just as before, except such material is preferably composed of straight instead of crimped strands. Moreover, instead of simply spreading such bundle from a central point on one side of member It, the strands involved are at once re-bent or folded back upon said member so as to be brought alongside the central body or core projecting from the other side of member l3.

Thereupon the body of brush material thus folded about said member is caused to enter the enlarged and of the tubular holder l0, it being noted that the internal diameter of such end is such as to receive the base of the brush body,

including member ll, when closel compacted together, while the remainder of the bore of said holder will similarly receive the strands of brush material projecting beyond said member, when closely compacted, but not such base. In other words, the shoulder i l serves as a stop to locate the base of the brush body and to prevent further outward movement thereof in the holder.

Finally the edge ll of the holder adjacent the brush base is bent inwardly to constrlct the opening and securely lock the brush base in place, as shown in Fig. '7.

Depending upon the kind of service for which the brush is designed, the body of strands may project a greater or lesser distance beyond the opposite end of holder III, which has the smaller diameter. Also, this portion of the modified holder l5 illustrated in Fig. 9, may be extended to include a body of brush material of increased length; then as the ends of the strands are worn back in use, an outer section may be cut oil and removed, as indicated by the dotted line It, and a corresponding section of the brush body exposed. Thus the liie oi the brush may be several times increased.

' The construction illustrated in Fig. 9 incorporates a further modification in that the base of the holder I5 is not constricted but retains its original form, and is somewhat larger than as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, so as to be capable of being fitted onto a tapered mandrel or tool quill. In such case, to prevent disiodgement of the brush base a plug I1 is desirably press-fitted or otherwise firmly secured in such end in close contact with such base.

These last-described forms of my improved brush are particularly suitable for small endbrushes designed to enter holes or like confined spaces. vHowever, they equally with the previously described constructions, will be seen to require the use of no binding medium, such as solder in the case of brushes made of wire strands -words, all of the brush material being doubled or looped about the annular member, it is practically impossible for individual strands to come loose short of the loosening of the entir body of the material. At the same time vibration strains imposed upon the individual strands may travel to the very base of the brush within the cup-shaped holder and thus reduce deterioration from this source. The steps involved in assembling the component parts of the brush are relatively simple and easily performed even manually, whilerelatively simple fixtures enable such assembly to be carried on still more rapidly in any form of press.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the product and method herein disclosed, provided the step or steps stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated step or steps be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. In a method of making an end-brush, the

steps which comprise encircling a bundle of stranded brush material with an annular member, spreading such material from a central point on one side of said member to extend in a generally radial direction, and then forcing such spread end of the bundle into a tubular holder by applying endwise pressure to said member. whereby such radially extending strands are doubled about said member and brought into surrounding relation to the other end of said bundle.

2. In a method of making an end-brush, the steps which comprise encircling a bundle of stranded brush material with an annular menu ber, spreading such material from a central point on one side of said member to extend in a generally radial direction, forcing such spread end of the bundle into a cup-shaped holder by applying endwise pressure to said member. whereby such radially extending strands are doubled about said member and brought into surrounding relation to the other end of said bundle, and then flanging inwardly the outer edge of said cup and, through transmitted pressure, the corresponding edge of said member.

3. A rotary end brush comprising a cup-shaped holder, and an annular retaining member having stranded brush material doubled thereabout seated axially within said holder with both ends JOHN B. BENYAK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the tile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 20 Number Name Date 450,668 Gates et a1. Apr. 21, 1891 637,270 Loveless Nov. 21 1899 862,038 Wayman July 30, 1907 1,138,466 Fogarty May 4, 1915 25 1,180,827 Chott Apr. 25, 1916 1,207,457 Williams Dec. 5, 1916 1,297,944 Wallace Mar. 18, 1919 1,420,563 McGarey June 20, 1922 

